Cat: Hello, I’m Cat Von Alst, Client Service Director at SEI.
I’m here with Chief Market Strategist and Senior Portfolio Manager Jim Solloway who will be presenting our economic outlook as of the fourth quarter of 2025.
As we look back on 2025, probably one of the greatest surprises was the resiliency of financial markets in the face of so much political and economic uncertainty. The Trump administration’s tariffs were like a tidal wave buffeting global economies and diplomatic relations. Nonetheless, both U.S. and international equity and fixed income markets wound up enjoying decent gains for the trailing 12-month period.
Jim, how did the year turn out compared to your view when entering 2025?
Jim: Thanks Cat.
Like many, we were pleasantly surprised by the state of markets against such a tumultuous backdrop this year. As for other themes, our predictions were spot on or very close to it.
Recall the exercise we conduct at the start of every year in which we plot our views on key economic data points and policy issues. Our original forecast for 2025, made at the end of 2024, is represented by the box, while checkmarks represent our best assessment of the outcome for the full year.
In the early months of 2025, economic growth was difficult to assess. The picture is a little clearer now and our forecast turned out to be mostly within expectations. The U.S. was a standout performer; despite a soft patch in the first quarter, GDP rebounded strongly over the rest of the year. This recovery was driven by several factors, including solid consumer spending and business investment, particularly in technology and infrastructure related to artificial intelligence.
We expect slightly better economic growth in 2026 in response to fiscal stimulus, a clearer trade outlook, and stronger activity in Europe.
Cat: SEI continues to watch labor markets as one of the proverbial canaries in the coal mine with regard to inflation, since weakening labor markets could force central banks to cut interest rates even with inflation hovering stubbornly above target. While global labor markets still remain tight compared to historical standards, there were some weak jobs reports released in the second half of the year. Jim, did labor markets trend as you projected?
Jim: There certainly were signs of cooling that we did not anticipate at the start of last year. The U.S., U.K., and Canada in particular saw upward movement in unemployment in 2025.
With respect to the U.S., we continue to believe that rising unemployment will be constrained by slowing growth of the labor force. This dynamic is driven in part by a decline in foreign workers and retiring baby boomers. These demographic headwinds are also common themes in the eurozone, Japan, and China.
Looking ahead to 2026, we could see unemployment rise further and we will be closely watching the pace of layoffs and productivity growth.
Cat: Sticky inflation still remains top of mind for investors as it affects consumers’ spending power and central banks’ monetary policy actions. Jim, where did inflation land compared to expectations?
Jim: We were pleasantly surprised that global inflation improved by more than we expected in 2025. Consumer price inflation moved lower in emerging markets over the year, though it remained sticky for most developed economies.
Services inflation remained a problem for the largest economies due to rising labor costs and low productivity growth.
As we close the book on 2025, the worst of the U.S.-led tariff hikes should be behind us, which presumably will keep inflation pressures in check. Services-sector price increases are likely to remain elevated, but we believe the overall trend in global inflation could ease slightly. Productivity gains will be the key to getting inflation down on a sustainable basis.
I would like to take this opportunity to announce my departure from SEI effective February 6th. I want to thank my colleagues for all they have done for me during my tenure, and I especially want to thank SEI’s clients for welcoming me into their investment discussions. I truly enjoyed my 17 years here and I wish you all the very best.
Cat: Thanks Jim. We always appreciate your insights and we thank you for all your contributions to SEI and wish you best of luck in your future endeavors.
SEI is focused on the major issues that are of interest to our clients. We incorporate these discussions into our advisory process as the impact varies based on each client’s goals.
For more of SEI’s insights, read our latest Economic Outlook available on our website.